![]() ![]() Examples of bis-silanes are bis-ethane, bis-tetrasulfane (bis-sulfur silane), and bis-amine (bis-amino silane). After condensation of SiOH groups, a cross-linked bis-silane film is expected to be denser than a cross-linked film prepared from a silane coupling agent. Assuming all OR groups hydrolyze for both silanes, the former would generate a maximum three silanol (SiOH) groups per molecule while the bis-silanes yield six SiOH groups per molecule. (RO) 3Si(CH 2) nR′(CH 2) nSi(OR) 3, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ….Ī major difference between bis-silanes and silane coupling agents listed in Table 1.1 is that silane coupling agents have one Si atom per molecule, attached by three hydrolyzable groups (OR), while bis-silanes have two Si atoms per molecule linked to six OR groups. 2.2.3 Other organofunctional trialkoxysilanes used in the corrosion control of metals Silanes react with inorganic surfaces to form metallo-siloxane covalent bonds for strong adhesion between silanes and inorganic substrates, while they react with polymers to form chemical bonds and IPNs for good silane/polymer adhesion. In brief, silane coupling agents perform as a “bridge” to promote adhesion between inorganic substrates (such as glass or oxide layers on metals) and polymers. Good adhesion of silanes to polymers is attributed to two mechanisms: (1) chemical reactions occurring between organofunctional groups in the silanes and reactive groups in the polymers and (2) the formation of interpenetrating networks (IPNs) at the silane/polymer interface. Silane bonding to polymers has also been studied. ![]() This improvement is because trialkoxysilane presents a more hydrophobic and highly cross-linked interphase region. Bonding of a trialkoxysilane R′Si(OH) 3 to silica has a much greater improvement in water resistance than a simple alkoxy bond between a hydroxyl functional polymer and silica. No direct evidence has been available so far for the equilibrium conditions at the interface, but the reversible nature of the siloxane-bonded interface has been demonstrated in performance testing. It is generally accepted that siloxane bonds formed at the silane/glass interface are hydrolyzable during long-term exposure to water and are reformable when dried. In the second step, the adsorbed silanol groups condense with surface hydroxyl groups to form siloxane (Si–O–Si) covalent bonds on glass or metallosiloxane (Me–O–Si) covalent bonds on a metal surface, releasing water. In the first step, silanol (Si–OH) groups from the hydrolyzed silanes adsorb to the inorganic substrate via hydrogen bonding to surface hydroxyl groups such as silanol (Si–OH) groups on a glass surface or Al hydroxyl (Al–OH) groups on an aluminum surface. Silane covalent bonding to an inorganic substrate, as shown in Fig. 1.2B, takes place via the following two steps. Therefore, determining the best balance between hydrolysis and condensation is one of the keys to the successful utilization of organosilane chemistry for special application. Important findings are as follows: (1) the rate of hydrolysis by both mechanisms is influenced by the nature of the organic group and the leaving alkoxy group attached to the silicon atom, and (2) pH also affects the hydrolysis rate, and the optimum pH for hydrolysis is not optimum for condensation. Mechanisms of acid- and base-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation have been studied. Silane hydrolysis and condensation reactions, as shown in Fig. 1.2A, can be catalyzed by either an acid or a base. ![]() ![]() The process for organofunctional trialkoxysilane hydrolysis, condensation, and covalent bonding to an inorganic substrate (A) hydrolysis and condensation to form oligmers in the silane solution and (B) adsorption to an inorganic substrate (such as ceramics or surface oxide layers on metals) by hydrogen bonding and then covalent bonding to the substrate by a condensation reaction with hydroxyl groups. ![]()
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Written by: Elijah Ugoh Last updated on February 18, 2023 Best Parental Control for iPhone & iPad.IPVanish VPN vs Private Internet Access. ![]() ![]() ![]() At any rate, I was sitting and I dunno what the thought was that arose, but I wasn't really that involved in it but sort of was, and all of the sudden this really loud chirp from a cricket came out of the relative silence like a slap, and I got it. Often as Im doing so, I let my attention or what ever rest on the sound of crickets which is there day and night if you listen for them. I dunno if its the same thing, but not long ago I was sitting in meditation. Something in me changed, people would ask my advice, be attracted to me and i knew the answers to alltheir questions.Īfter a while it faded and here i am on Tao Bums I actually heard the sound of one hand clapping. I was focused on it when a car horn sounded and I knew the answer inside. Many years ago I worked with the koan - What is the sound of one hand clapping? ![]() Its not that his girlfriends kid identified him as daddy because of the guys relation to the mom, and he say "oh how sweet" and felt an ego assertment until the day they broke up and he said, "hey this is your kid not mine" and then went on to pursue other pleasures. The ude in the story was accused of impregnating a women, he was called the father of the child by the mother and her parents who were demanding that he take responsibility for his child which he did with out getting laid or enjoying the mothers company, until the day they said " hey thats not your baby its ours", to which he had no sense of possesion or attatchment and said, "if you say so". Not at all like the zen story which is about not assuming roles an non-attatchment. Sounds like you hooked up with a chick with a baby and temporarily assumed a role til you guys broke up and now your pursuing other things. Oh! So you actually got the joke about the wanking and ego orgasm at the end. What do I care? In the moment of sharing it was a joy. and decides to call me "daddy" what am I supposed to say? If a child has no father and no one else like that in their life. Įxcept I had to end with "I told you so". I liked this because I lived a similar experience. Hakuin willingly yielded the child, saying only: "Is that so?" The mother and father of the girl at once went to Hakuin to ask forgiveness, and to get the child back. She told her parents the truth - the real father of the child was a young man who worked in the fish market. He obtained milk from his neighbors and everything else the child needed.Ī year later the girl could stand it no longer. By this time he had lost his reputation, which did not trouble him, but he took very good care of the child. ![]() "Is that so?" was all he would say.Īfter the child was born it was brought to Hakuin. In great anger the parents went to the master. She would not confess who the father was, but after much harassment, she at last named Hakuin. One day, without any warning, her parents discovered she was pregnant. A beautiful Japanese girl whose parents owned a food store lived near the zen master, Hakuin. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Y2K peaked around late 1999/early 2000, coinciding with the turn of the millennium and apex of the Dot-com Bubble. The Y2K Era then took off in full force from 1998 to 2000, with things such as Pokemania, Limp Bizkit, NSYNC, TRL, The Matrix, TOM replacing Moltar on Toonami, and Britney Spears hitting their peak popularity. Y2K fashions such as frosted tips, soul patches, and JNCOs were becoming popular. The movies Titanic and Men in Black were released which are regarded as Y2K phenomena. The PS1 and N64 were now in full-swing with games such as Final Fantasy VII and Goldeneye. South Park and King of the Hill premiered, and Cartoon Network debuted the Toonami block which mainstreamed anime in the U.S. WWF entered the edgier Attitude Era and had gotten rid of its Memphis aesthetics (from the New Generation Era) by March 1998, in an attempt to compete with rival companies WCW (which, coincidentally, probably adopted more elements of the actual Y2K aesthetic compared to its competition) and ECW. Limp Bizkit also debuted that year with Three Dollar Bill, Y'all which led to the mainstreaming of Nu-Metal, post- grunge started to become popular with bands like Creed, Hanson released " Mmmbop", and more music videos by artists such Puff Daddy (" Mo Money Mo Problems"), Will Smith ("Gettin' Jiggy wit It", "Men in Black"), and the Spice Girls ("Say You'll Be There") were done in the Y2K style. and gained international popularity, leading to a new era in teen pop, and in a Super Bowl ad that year the Spice Girls heralded the arrival of "Generation Next". The Spice Girls' single "Wannabe" was released in the U.S. ![]() The Y2K Era became well-defined by 1997, replacing the Core '90s Era which had been known for its grittier aesthetics such as Grunge. Campaigns like Nintendo's " Play It Loud" era might have been a precursor to Y2K, as well. First signs of the Y2K aesthetic going mainstream appeared around 1995 to 1996, with the release of Windows 95, the start of the Internet boom, the original PlayStation and Nintendo 64 being released, the films Hackers and Scream, the games Wipeout and Pokemon, the Spice Girls, Robyn, Moloko, and Backstreet Boys debuting in Europe, and the music video for Michael and Janet Jackson's "Scream". Y2K has its origins in the underground UK rave scene of the Late '80s/Early '90s, as well as the early works of the Sheffield-based Designers Republic. As of today, the Y2K aesthetic has made a resurgence in popular culture and social media. Y2K aesthetics are mostly classified as a subcategory to Retro-Futurism, but some elements also cross over with Vaporwave, since it shares Vaporwave's angst towards late-stage capitalism, and its nostalgia for a future that never came. The Y2K Era ended around the end of 2004 and was succeeded by the Frutiger Aero and McBling eras. Most Y2K aesthetics rely on the use of technology and slick futuristic looks, signaling the optimism for the 3rd Millennium or 21st Century. Some of its aspects include tight leather pants, shiny clothing, silver eye shadow, spiky up-dos, Oakleys, gradients, translucence, and Blobitecture. Named after the Year 2000 problem, it is characterized by a distinct aesthetic period, encapsulating fashion, hardware design, music, and furnishings shining with tech optimism-sometimes literally. Y2K (also known as Cyber Y2K, Futuristic Y2K, or Kaybug) is an aesthetic that was prevalent in popular culture from roughly 1997 to 2004, succeeding the Memphis and Grunge eras. WARNING! Not to be confused with the McBling aesthetic, which is defined by femininity and the wide use of pink that characterized the Mid 2000s. ![]() ![]() ![]() This can either give them the upper hand against the enemy’s heavy units by sneaking up on them from behind, or can cause them to become isolated and vulnerable. Certain roads might be blocked off for your tank units, but can provide a way through for your infantry. That’s not to say that there aren’t plenty of them, since Sudden Strike 4 is a challenging game in more ways than one. In other words, replayability will depend on your own ability to find different routes to success. ![]() It’s a dynamic that promotes replayability, but a solid overall tactic will likely work no matter which commander you select. One of the keys to success in this regard is your choice of a specific commander – which brings perks to your infantry, tank, or support units. These missions are laid out with specific challenges in mind, but can be tackled in a variety of ways. This is true for all three of the game’s campaigns, which cover over 20 battle scenarios divided between the German, Soviet and Allied forces. Sudden Strike 4’s brand of strategy, as was also demonstrated during that first meeting, is a generally more slower-paced one – leaning towards tactical combat more than resource management and base building. Sudden Strike coming out of retirement was more than welcome, also become none of those other series have seen a recent release. Of course there’s the excellent Company of Heroes, but other than the Men of War series and perhaps Codename: Panzers we can’t remember too many of them worth playing. You wouldn’t think it, but real time strategy franchises set in the Second World War are actually relatively rare. When Kalypso invited us to come see Sudden Strike 4 for the first time, during the summer of 2016, we were excited. With a new developer at the helm, how did it turn out? We played the PC version to find out – the game is also available on PS4. Sudden Strike 4 brings back a franchise that hadn’t seen a new entry in almost ten years. ![]() ![]() This article was originally published under the title ‘ I dug for evidence of the Rosetta Stone’s ancient Egyptian rebellion – here’s what I found’ by Jay Silverstein on The Conversation, and has been republished under a Creative Commons License. The transformation of Thmouis from a small tributary town to a regional capital reflects the hand of an oppressive government that wanted to make sure that no major revolt from the people they ruled would ever pose a threat to their control again. ![]() Thmouis was rebuilt as a city full of Greek colonists and soon became the regional seat of power as the Ptolemaic dynasty took power away from Egyptian temple priests who participated in the rebellion. And, of course, the Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra was a vital character in the story of how the Roman republic became an empire. It supported the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid dynasty of Syria, establishing a Jewish kingdom. Their traditional gods of Isis and her son Horus, for example, might not have so easily surrendered their identities to Mary and Jesus with the coming of Christianity.Īfter securing control of Egypt, the Ptolemaic dynasty played a key role in the geopolitics of the eastern Mediterranean. Had the Egyptians prevailed, Egypt might have taken a different turn. The Egyptians had appointed their own pharaohs and, with the help of the Nubians, took control of much of Egypt.Īfter 20 years of conflict, the Hellenistic military machine subdued the rebellion and the last rebel leaders were murdered when they came to negotiate peace at the Nile delta city of Sais. The outcome of the Egyptian revolt against Hellenistic imperialism had far-reaching consequences. The remains of a young man who appears to have crawled into a kiln and died there. (Author provided/ The Conversation ) The cities of the central Nile delta played a major part in the great rebellion and their citizens suffered greatly for their part. Historical accounts carved on the Rosetta Stone and the Aristonicus stone aligned with the evidence we found at Thmouis. What were the consequences of the Egyptian revolt?Įvidence from other sites in the delta suggested that there were economic and political consequences for those cities that joined the rebellion, such as closing harbors.Īnother stone decree gave an account of the Greek general Aristonicus who led some of the forces of Ptolemy V and his campaign to root out the last of rebels at Tell el Balamun, a city just north of Thmouis. It proved to be the key that philologist Jean-François Champollion used to decode Egyptian hieroglyphs – the Rosetta Stone. The most famous copy today was found in the Nile delta by a French officer in 1799. It was written in hieroglyphs, Demotic and Greek so that all could read it. The decree was inscribed on hard stone and copies were placed in all temples. In this decree, they outlined Ptolemy’s successful prosecution of the war against the Egyptian rebels and noted his success in besieging a city close to Thmouis. ![]() Ptolemy V is known for the Memphis Decree of 196 BC in which the priests of Ptah (supporters of the Ptolemaic dynasty) proclaimed the anointment of Ptolemy V as the divine pharaoh of Egypt. The economy was ravaged by foreign wars and there was a growing violent insurrection from the native Egyptian population, who no longer wished to live as second-class citizens while the Macedonian dynasty and Greek imperialists prospered at their expense. Ptolemy V Epiphanes, who was just a boy when his father was murdered in 204 BC, assumed power in a tumultuous time. ![]() ![]() ![]() NOTE: Need restart launcher to apply client update - Fixed incorrect distance calculation for monster coordinates while knocked down - Fixed …Press Ctrl Shift Esc at the same time to open the Task Manager, and close all unnecessary apps running in the background. Threats include any threat of suicide, violence, or harm to another. Harassment is any behavior intended to disturb or upset a person or group of people. Re installed java twice and removed all registry entries before installing.Reinstalled Minecraft, the game runs flawless.I have a problem with the FTB_Launcher.exe, when I try to start it nothing happens. 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